Cilt:28 Sayı:03 (2022)

Permanent URI for this collection

https://dspace.ankara.edu.tr/handle/20.500.12575/83930

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 20

Impacts of High and Low-Input Farming Systems on the Quality Change of Safflower Oil While Intercropped with Bitter Vetch
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Najafabadi, Azin; Jalılıan, Jalal; Other; Other
The purpose of this factorial field experiment was to investigate the influence of farming systems and intercropping patterns (IPs) on the physiological aspects of safflower and bitter vetch. Treatments included high and low-input farming systems and various IPs that exchanged safflower and bitter vetch with row ratios of 2:2, 2:3, 2:4, 2:5, while sole cropping safflower and bitter vetch were used as control. The highest grain yield of both plants was obtained from the high input farming system (HIFS). The most safflower oil yield and protein yield of bitter vetch were achieved from sole cropping in the HIFS. Safflower sole cropping in the Low-input farming system (LIFS) had the highest oil content, but in other traits, HIFS had superior to LIFS. Intercropping resulted in high P and N content and low stearic acid in safflower compared with sole cropping. These novel findings demonstrate that HIFS was beneficial than LIFS in all traits of both plants except safflower oil content and some fatty acids content like palmitic acid. Also, in the 2:2 IP monetary advantage index (MAI) and the land equivalent ratio (LER=1.13) were highest that indicating that 13% additional area ne
Exponential Type Estimators Using Sub-Sampling Method with Applications in Agriculture
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Ünal, Ceren; Kadılar, Cem; Other; Other
In this article, the family of exponential type estimators with the auxiliary variable is proposed in the case of non-response scheme for the purpose of obtaining the unknown population mean of the study variable. The nonresponse scheme is examined under two main cases as Case I and Case II. The bias, mean square error (MSE) and minimum MSE of the proposed family of estimators are obtained in detail for both cases. After theoretical inferences, empirical studies are carried out to show the appropriateness of the proposed family of estimators in the field of agriculture. The MSE and PRE (Percentage Relative Efficiency) values are obtained. According to the results, the proposed estimators provide more efficient results than existing estimators in the literature under the obtained conditions for both cases. We conclude that the proposed family of estimators can be applied to the agriculture data successfully.
Environmental Abiotic Stress and Secondary Metabolites Production in Medicinal Plants: A Review
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Punetha, Arjita; Kumar, Dipender; Suryavanshi, Priyanka; Padalia, Rc; Venkatesha, K.T; Other; Other
Medicinal plants that produce various secondary metabolites are quite useful to us owing to their anti-microbial properties, presence of huge amounts of anti-oxidants, cytotoxic nature, and various other medically significant properties. Medicinal plants, therefore, serve as raw materials for modern pharmaceutical medicines and several herbal medical supplements. Expansion and advancement of growing medicinal plants on large scale has flourished over the last few years. However, prolonged environmental changes have made medicinal plants susceptible to numerous abiotic stresses. On being exposed to abiotic stresses chiefly light (quality and quantity), extreme temperature conditions, water stress (drought or flooding), nutrients available, presence of heavy metals and salt content in the soil, medicinal plants undergo several changes physiologically and their chemical composition also gets altered. To combat the effects of abiotic stress, several mechanisms at morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and molecular levels are adapted by plants, which also include a change in the production of the secondary metabolites. However, plants cannot cope with extreme events of stress and eventually die. Several strategies stress such as the use of endophytes, chemical treatment, and biotechnological methods have therefore been introduced to help the plants tolerate the period of extreme stress. Moreover, nano bionics is also being developed as new technology to help plants survive stressful conditions.
The Effects of Gas Changes in the Shelter in the Summer Period on the Milk yield and Dry Material Consumption of Anatolian Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Değirmencioğlu, Taşkın; Other; Other
In this study, the effects of in-shelter gas concentration on milk yield and total dry matter intake (TDMI) of buffaloes during the spring and summer periods were investigated. The research was carried out in a shelter with 20 main Anatolian buffaloes between March and July. Values for temperature, relative humidity, air velocity, and CH4, NH3, and CO2 gases were recorded in the shelter. Data records were collected continuously for 24 hours for 4 days. Milk yield and DMI of buffaloes were also determined. As it was observed, higher air velocity in the house reduces the methane gas levels (P<0.01). The regression equation between milk yield and relative humidity was Y= 6.011-0.03RH and showed a negative and low degree correlation. It was illustrated that TDMI varied between 11.00 ± 0.12-13.20 ± 0.06 kg during the summer. The difference observed between months in terms of feed intake was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Although the milk yield of water buffalo was low in March, it increased in April and May. However, there was a decrease in DMI (0.50 kg/day) and milk yield (264 mL/day) for an increase of + 1 °C in air temperature. The recorded values for CO2 concentration in the buffalo shelter during the summer period varied between 620-1120 ppm. Considering the obtained results, NH3 and CO2 gas levels in the shelter were below the higher limits and can be considered as not dangerous for animal and human health. It was determined that regression equation between feed intake and temperature was Y= 9.901 + 0.089T**, regression coefficient was R2= 0.19 and correlation coefficient was r= 0.44 (P<0.001).
Biostabilization of Tannery Sludge Compost by Vermicomposting
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Kaman, Yiğit Nevzat; Okur, Nur; Kayıkçıoğlu, Hüseyin Hüsnü; Other; Other
The aim of this study is to investigate the stabilization of tannery sludge compost mixed with cattle manure at the different ratios by employing an epigeic earthworm Eisenia foetida and bioaccumulation of Cr in tannery sludge by earthworms. Organic cattle manure (M) and sludge compost (S) were mixed in certain proportions, moistened and Eisenia foetida worms were added. Mixing ratios were as follows: 100% M (M100S0), 70% M + 30% S (M70S30), 50% M + 50% S (M50S50) and 30% M + 70% S (M30S70). The experiment was carried out at a constant temperature of 24 oC and in a dark environment according to a randomized plot design with three replicates. The experiment ended after 120 days and the following parameters were evaluated in vermicomposts: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), C:N ratio, and total macro and micro elements. In addition, it was determined total Cr, Cr (VI) in vermicomposts and total Cr in E. foetida body. The results for TOC, C:N ratio and total Cr showed decreases in their values at the end of the vermicomposting process, whereas values for pH, EC, TON, Ca, and Mg increase, indicating that the vermicomposting reached the maturity level. All values of Cr (VI) of vermicomposts were below the detectable level. During the vermicomposting process, the reduction rates of the total Cr amounts were 96% (M70S30), 96% (M50S50) and 30% (M30S70), respectively. While the highest total Cr amount in the earthworm body was determined in M30S70 treatment, the amount of this element in the earthworm body decreased due to the decreasing doses of tannery sludge compost. These results show that E. foetida can bioacumulate the chromium in tannery sludge compost. As a result, it was determined that vermicomposting can be an alternate technology for the recycling and environmentally safe disposal/management of tannery sludge compost using an epigeic earthworm E. foetida.
Possibilities of Use Fertilizer Industry Waste Gypsum Material of Improve Sodic and Boron Soils
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Bahçeçi, Barış; Tarı, Ali Fuat; Bahçeçi, İdris; Other; Other
The effect of the Fertilizer Industry Waste Gypsum Material (FIWGM) on the rehabilitation of barren soils has been investigated with this research. The soil improvement tests were carried out in randomized blocks with three replications and 0, 20, 40 and 60 tons ha-1 of FIWGM have been applied. By the intermittent ponding method, a total of 360 cm of water has been given, including 30 cm at each time. At the end of the trial, the application of FIWGM has showed positive effect on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. As the dose of FIWGM increased, soil infiltration rates increased, and soil sodium and boron concentrations decreased significantly. 360 cm of leaching water provided the removal of exchangeable sodium equivalent to 33.7 and 42.9 tons of gypsum for 100 cm of soil depth, with 20 and 40 tons per hectare of FWIGM applied to the test plots. The statistically significant correlation coefficient (R2=0.921**) has been determined between the leaching water depth (Dlw)/soil depth (Ds) and the boron/initial boron remaining (B/Bo) in the soil (B/Bo = 0.622-0.168Ln Dlw/Ds)
Determining the Relationship of Evapotranspiration with Precipitation and Temperature Over Turkey
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Kuzay, Mustafa; Tuna, Mustafa; Tombul, Mustafa; Gayrimenkul Geliştirme ve Yönetimi; Uygulamalı Bilimler Fakültesi
Evapotranspiration (ET), which is a combination of the words evaporation and transpiration, is expressed as the sum of water due to water consumption and evaporation in plants. In this study, the NASA Drought Early Warning Systems Network Land Data Assimilation System model (FLDAS NOAH) was used to determine evapotranspiration data for the 2018-2019 water years (October 2017- September 2019) on Turkey. In addition, NASA Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS NOAH) was used for temperature data. Total precipitation data with corrected error rates are taken from MERRA-2 Model M2TMNXFLX. The relationship between the determined monthly total average evapotranspiration values and the monthly average precipitation and monthly average temperature values was determined by ArcGIS. It is important to examine the local evaporation and transpiration conditions in more detail in the regions where water resources planning will be made. The importance of water holding capacity in plants in determining agricultural and hydrological drought can be explained by evapotranspiration
Effect of Parental Genotypes and Their Reciprocal Crosses on Haploid Plant Production by Anther Culture and Confirmation of Double Haploids by Flow Cytometry in Bread Wheat
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Ahmed, Hussein Abdullah; Akdoğan, Güray; Sancar, Sancar Fatih; Barpete, Surendra; Tarla Bitkileri; Ziraat Fakültesi
Double haploids (DHs) production and utilization is an important aspect of wheat breeding programs in worldwide, because, it provides many advantages over the conventional breeding program. Therefore, in vitro and in vivo responses of anther derived two bread wheat cultivars and their F1 crosses were investigated. Results showed significant genetic variation among the tested bread wheat genotypes. The pre-cold treated anther derived embryonic calli and shoot induction (%) were obtained from all genotypes that ranged 44 - 76% and 32 - 58% respectively. The highest shoot induction from embryonic calli was achieved from F1 cross of Zubkov x Atay-85, whereas, lowest induction was obtained from Atay-85 cultivar. The F1 cross (Zubkov x Atay-85) showed a better response in anther culture in term of shoots per plant and root induction than their respective parental genotypes. The present results indicated positive and significant heterotic effects of F1 crosses for calli and shoot induction that also showed less albino plant regeneration after colchicine treatments. Total number of 114 anthers driven DHs lines from two genotypes and their F1 crosses were regenerated, confirmed by flow-cytometry and evaluated under field condition. Some DHs lines were found to be significantly superior for agronomical traits including seed yield than the parental genotypes as well as local bread wheat (control) cultivars.
Effect of Preharvest Calcium Chloride Treatment on Some Quality Characteristics and Bioactive Compounds of Sweet Cherry Cultivars
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Erbaş, Mehmet; Koyuncu, Mehmet Ali; Other; Other
The effects of preharvest calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on some quality characteristics and bioactive compounds of sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L. cvs. 0900 Ziraat, Sweetheart and Merton Late) were investigated. The CaCl2 (1%) solution was sprayed to the cherry trees at 21 and 35 days after full bloom stage. The trees served as control were treated with distilled water at the same days. CaCl2 treatment remarkably suppressed the respiration rate and increased titratable acidity and fruit firmness of cherries. Treated fruit had more attractive skin colour with higher h° and L* values compared to control. The individual soluble sugars and total sugar contents of CaCl2 treated cherries were lower than those of control fruit. The accumulation of ascorbic acid, stem chlorophyll, total phenolics and anthocyanin contents of fruit were delayed by CaCl2 treatment in all varieties. The antioxidant activities of all treated varieties were lower than those of control fruit. Based on these results, it can be set forth that preharvest CaCl2 treatment suppressed ripening processes including respiration rate and maintained firmness and titratable acidity of cherries by maintaining cell integrity in all varieties during the fruit development period
Development of an IoT-Based (LoRaWAN) Tractor Tracking System
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Civelek, Çağdaş; Other; Other
The use of new technologies and precision agriculture (PA) in farms has become more important due to the need for enough agricultural production for increasing world population opposed to decreasing farm areas. PA covers wide range of technologies like sensors, microcontroller-based devices, machine to machine communication technologies, global positioning systems but, the investment costs of these devices are literally expensive which become a constraint for farmers especially in developing countries. Internet of things (IoT) technology is a new era that agricultural production will be the one area mostly affected by. LoRaWAN is one of the new communication technologies for IoT which enables almost everything on the planet to be connected to internet and deliver high amount of data with no expense. In this research by using the advantages of LoRaWAN, a new IoT-based tractor tracking system including a LoRaWAN module and a web-based software was developed, and the test results were evaluated. As a result, it was found that the developed system was capable of measuring and sending tractor sensor data along with geospatial position of the tractor and serving the data on the web-based user interface.
Effect of Combined or Separate Administration of Beta Carotene-Vitamin E and hCG on Fertility in Sheep Lambs
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Özmen, Mehmet Ferit; Say, Erkan; Cirit, Ümit; Other; Other
This study was performed to investigate the effect of beta carotenevitamin E and hCG treatments alone or a combination of both on fertility in estrus synchronized Awassi ewe lambs. A total of 103 Awassi ewe lambs were divided into four groups before the study. Lambs were treated with a progesterone sponge for 12 days, PGF2α two days before sponge removal, 600 IU PMSG on sponge removal day, and 150 IU hCG on the day of mating. The control group (n: 25) did not receive any additional treatment. The Vitamin group (β carotene + vitamin E) (n: 26) was treated twice with vitamin combination. The first treatment was on the 7th day before the sponge insertion and the second treatment was on the day of mating. The hCG group (n: 24) was treated with 150 IU hCG on day 12 after mating. The HCG + vitamin group (n: 28) was treated with both β carotene-vitamin E and hCG. Ewe lambs standing to be mounted were considered in estrus and mated. Pregnancy was determined by ultrasound the 30th day after the mating. There were no significant differences between the control and hCG, vitamin and hCG + vitamin groups concerning estrus, conception, lambing, abortion, twinning, fecundity rate, and litter size (P>0.05). It was concluded that the treatments with βcarotene-vitamin E and hCG or both, in addition to estrus synchronization out of the breeding season in Awassi ewe lambs did not improve the investigated fertility indices.
An efficient Regeneration Protocol for in vitro Direct Organogenesis in Einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.) Wheat
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Şahin, Günce; Örgeç, Mehmet; Zencırcı, Nusret; Other; Other
Coleoptile, leaf, and root explants of the einkorn (Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum) were cultured in vitro to obtain an efficient plant regeneration protocol through direct shoot formation by using different combinations and concentrations of various plant growth regulators. A total of 180 different auxin and cytokinin combinations were tested for regeneration. Shoot formation was not observed with the root and leaf explants. Shoot formation was obtained only from the coleoptile explants, with a mean of 1.20±0.24 shoots/explant and 86.60% of shoot formation frequency and with a 1.20±0.53 shoots/explant and 80.00% shoot formation frequency on medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L-1 TDZ and 1 mg L-1 TDZ plus 1 mg L-1 NAA, respectively. The shoots were subcultured on the MS medium containing the most effective hormonal combination concurrently continued to shoot and root formation for 45 days. It is noteworthy that 3.66±0.66 shoots per explant were induced by MS, which contained 1 mg L-1 TDZ plus 1 mg L-1 NAA and 2.0 mg L-1 KIN plus 0.5 mg L-1 NAA for 45 days. Of the different auxin concentrations tested for rooting, 2.0 mg L-1 IAA was predominant, with the greatest number of roots (12.33±0.88) produced per regenerated shoot. Finally, these well-developed plantlets were acclimatized with a 100% success rate and were transferred to the ex vitro conditions. A highly efficient regeneration protocol for einkorn wheat was developed using somatic tissue as an explant source for the first time.
Effects of Tillage Method, Drainage Management and Temporal Variability on Some Soil Physical Properties and Organic Matter
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Sahabanpour, Mahmoud; Fekri, Salman; Bagheri, Iraj; Payman, Sayed Hossein; Rahimi, Fatemeh; Other; Other
Tillage is one of the most important practices affecting soil physical and hydraulic properties. Its effects may vary intensely according to the tillage method. This study aims to evaluate the effects of tillage methods (B1: moldboard plow+disk harrow, B2: moldboard plow+rotary tiller and B3: chisel plow+disk harrow), drainage (A1: subsurface drainage and A2: non-drainage) methods and temporal variability (T1: after planting and T2: after harvesting) on physical properties and organic matter of a clay loam soil under winter-wheat crop. The experiment was conducted in split-plot in time statistical design. Soil bulk density, soil particle density, aeration porosity, aggregate mean weight diameter (MWD), saturated moisture content and water infiltration rate were determined at two different times of T1 and T2. Results revealed that the tillage method had significant effect on organic matter content, such that the highest (1.35%) values were observed in chisel treatment. Tillage effect was significant on saturated moisture content, MWD, aeration porosity and infiltration rate. The effect of time was significant on all investigated factors. The effect of drainage was significant on MWD and infiltration rate. Evaluating the effects of tillage and drainage indicated that the contribution of drainage on changing MWD is higher than the tillage methods. Further, in non-drainage condition, the tillage method had a significant effect on aeration porosity (P<0.05), so that moldboard plow makes much more aeration porosity (25.48%) compared to chisel (17.17%). Conversely, the MWD of moldboard plow (2.4 mm) was significantly lower than that of chisel (2.8 mm), in non-drainage conditions (P<0.05). According to the result, the lowest and highest values of MWD were obtained in the treatments of A1B1 and A2B3, respectively. The application of chisel is not recommended in no-drained areas having high level groundwater, because of the highest saturated moisture content and MWD along with the lowest aeration porosity compared to moldboard plow.
Natural Vanillin Production from Isoeugenol by Using Pseudomonas putida in Biphasic Bioconversion Medium
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Karakaya, Hüseyin; Yılmaztekin, Murat; Other; Other
Vanillin, is one of the most demanded flavoring agents in the world. Because of insufficient supply of natural vanillin, market demand is usually supplied by synthetic ones. In this study, it was investigated possibility of usage biphasic system in bioconversion of isoeugenol to vanillin by Pseudomonas putida (HUT 8100). Organic phase was composed of isoeugenol while biocatalyst, P. putida culture, was dispersed in aqueous phosphate solution. Isoeugenol was used as sole carbon source in concentrations ranging between 50-600 g L-1 . Incubation was performed at 28 ○C, at pH 6.3 and 180 rpm shaking. Effect of initial substrate concentration and bioconversion time were investigated. Isoeugenol and vanillin amounts in medium were simultaneously analyzed in HPLC system. After 120 h incubation, vanillin reached the its highest level when 400 g L-1 isoeugenol was applied in medium. In specified conditions, it was achieved to produce 11.95 g L-1 vanillin with 6.2% molar yield within 15 days of bioconversion. It is thought that, obtained result by using biphasic system is very important for the industrial applications in production of natural vanillin via bioconversion.
Effect of Supplementation of Urea on the Nutritive Value and Fermentation Characteristics of Apple Pulp Silages
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Canbolat, Önder; Other; Other
The aim of current experiment was to determine the effect of supplementation of urea on the nutritive value and fermentation characteristics of apple pulp silage. Apple pulp obtained from apple with Granny Smith (Malus domestica) varieties was used in the research. Apple pulp were ensiled in special glass jars with 1.5 L capacity. Urea (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5% on DM basis) was added homogeneously to apple pulp in triplicate. The experimental silos were placed in a room until opening after 45 day of preservation to determine chemical composition and silage fermentation parameters. The addition of urea to apple pulp reduced the water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) whereas the supplementation of urea significantly (P<0.01) increased crude protein (CP) contents of resultant silages. The addition of urea to apple pulp significantly (P<0.01) increased pH, lactic acid (LA), propionic acid (PA), butyric acid (BA) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) contents of the resultant silages whereas the supplementation of urea significantly (P<0.01) reduced the acetic acid (AA) contents. Addition of urea to apple pulp increased in vitro gas production, digestible organic matter (DOM), metabolic energy (ME) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and significantly reduced yeast and mold count (P<0.01). The urea supplementation also increased the aerobic stability of the resultant silages. It can be concluded that supplementation of urea to apple pulp at 2.0 and 2.5% can be recommended to improve the n
Genetic Characterization of Some Species of Vetch (VICIA L.) Grown in Turkey with SSR Markers
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Yıldırım, Cebrail; Okumuş, Onur; Uzun, Satı; Turkay, Şeyda Nur; Say, Ahmet; Bakır, Melike; Other; Other
The genus vetch (Vicia L.) is grown worldwide for fodder, hay, grain and silage, and rich in protein, mineral substances, vitamins and an essential source of roughage in animal husbandry. However, genetic characterization studies in vetch are minimal. In this study, the genetic characterization of a total 37 accessions of five vetches (Vicia L.) species was investigated using SSR markers. A total of 18 SSR markers were used, and eight of them were showed polymorphism and used for genetic analysis of vetch accessions. The total number of alleles was 35, and the average number of alleles for each locus was determined as 4.38. The average heterozygote rate was found to be 0.49. The polymorphism information content (PIC) value varied between 0.23 and 0.77, and the average value was 0.44. Although almost a clear distinction was observed among the species, very high similarities were found between some cultivars within the same species. This similarity may be due to the narrow structure of the vetch genome or the inability of the SSR markers used in this study to distinguish the narrow structure of the vetch genome. The results reported here will be contributed to future germplasm management efforts and for comparative studies in vetch.
Effects of Donor x Inducer Interaction on the Success of Haploid Induction and Comparison of Haploid Seed Identification Methods in the In vivo Maternal Haploid Technique in Maize
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Kahrıman, Fatih; Songur, Umut; Dişbudak, Abdullah; Kızık, Sezgin; Vural, Berk; Other; Other
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of donor and inducer lines on the haploid induction rate in the in vivo maternal doubled haploid technique in maize and to compare the methods used in haploid seed separation. In the study, three donor materials were used for induction crossing with two inducer lines. Seedling immersion and stem injection techniques were used as chromosome doubling methods. Eye separation, spectral measurements and image processing were used to identify seed classes. Data were modeled using support vector machine method and created models were evaluated over the complexity matrix. The results of the research revealed that the haploid induction rate varies depending on the donor genotypes and inducers, and the genotype responses against the applied chromosome doubling method were also different. Differences were observed in the success of the three methods compared for haploid and diploid seed separation. The successful classification rates were 87%, 83%, and 79% in visual, spectral and image processing models, respectively. Results showed that both spectral technique and image processing technique can be used to distinguish haploid/diploid seeds in in vivo maternal haploid technique.
Carbon Storage Potential and its Distributions in the Particle Size Fractions in Harran Plain, Turkey
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Yanardağ, İbrahim Halil; Yanardağ, Asuman Büyükkılıç; Mermut, Ahmet; Cono, Angel; Other; Other
In recent years, there has been increasing international interest in increasing and sustainably managing soil C stocks to contribute to combating climate change and support food security. In this context, determining the C storage capacity of soils and examining the distribution of soil C based on fractions is of great importance for a better understanding of C dynamics. The present study investigated the storage potential of soil organic carbon (SOC), inorganic carbon (SIC) and total carbon (TC) in 16 selected profiles, and SOC and SIC distribution in five different particle size fractions (2000-425µm, 425-150 µm, 150-106 µm, 106-75 µm, <75 µm) of the Harran plain in Turkey. The results revealed that the particle size distribution in the surface layer varied in the following order depending on soil weight: 850-250> 2000-850> 250- 150> 150-75> 75 µm. The organic C content of the soils is low due to the semi-arid climate conditions. Fraction-based soil SOC distribution was in the following order: 11% at 2000-850 µm, 15% at 850-250 µm, 21% at 250-150 µm, 23% at 150-75 µm and <75 µm 30%. Organic matter fractions differed according to the particle size distribution and the applicable soil management system. Stable organic matter content was significantly related to clay content and greatly influenced by the type of soil management used.
Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptide Fraction Producing Lactobacillus spp. Based on LC/MS-MS and Determination of ACE-inhibitory Activity in Kefir
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Atalay, Merve; Şahingil, Didem; Other; Other
In the present study, bioactive properties such as ACE-I activity and antimicrobial activity of kefir using different Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus ATCC 11842, Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC 15009 and Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917) on some pathogen and Gram-positive bacteria during 28 day-storage periods was investigated and proteolysis (RP-HPLC peptide profiles, RP-HPLC amino acid profiles) were studied. The antimicrobial activity was investigated in kefir extract and separated peptide fractions (<3 kDa, named F2) which were characterized by LC-MS/MS and precursor and product ions were determined. Antimicrobial activity has been observed against pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) in all samples. But the results revealed that the F2 fraction separated from kefir manufactured using Lactobacillus had a stronger antibacterial effect than control samples. It was determined that the F2 fraction has antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, S. warneri 95052 and S. hominis. The ACE-I activity of samples A, B, C and K were 76.47%, 84.95%, 87.33% and 85.57%, respectively. In the kefir using Lactobacillus has increase of ACE-I activity and was significant (P<0.01). In this study, it was concluded that the using of adj
Extraction and Physicochemical Characterization of Chitosan from Pink Shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) Shell Wastes
(Ankara Üniversitesi, 2022) Öğretmen, Özen Yusuf; Karslı, Barış; Çağlak, Emre; Other; Other
This study aimed to evaluate the extract of chitosan obtained from pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) shell wastes in Balıkesir, the Marmara Sea in Turkey, and to characterize its quality. The physicochemical properties of biopolymer chitosan such as moisture content, solubility, degree of deacetylation (DD), molecular weight (MW), particle size, bulk density, pH, water-binding capacity (WBC), fat-binding capacity (FBC), and color attributes were examined. The obtained chitosan was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spektrofotometer (FT-IR), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Thermogravimetric measurements (TG/DTA/DTG). Results indicated that the yield and moisture content of chitosan was 18.82% and 3.62%, respectively. DD was 81.50% while solubility was 86.79%. MW of chitosan was found to be 310 kDa. The presence of the amino group was confirmed from the FT-IR spectra of the synthesized chitosan. Thermogravimetric measurements showed that chitosan had low thermal stability. SEM analysis revealed that the surface morphologies of chitosan consisted of relatively smooth surface and nanofiber structures. Based on the physicochemical characteristics obtained in the present study, pink shrimp could be a potential source to produce high-quality chitosan for industrial applications.

Browse

Browsing Cilt:28 Sayı:03 (2022) by Issue Date

Results Per Page

Sort Options